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SMRs are considered an option for adding new nuclear capacity in Sweden. The SMRs can be used for different purposes. In addition to electricity generation, the heat produced can be used for district heating to heat homes and commercial buildings or be supplied to various industrial processes, including hydrogen production. All these applications are investigated within ANItA.

Various types of SMRs have been proposed, some based on the technology of current nuclear reactors and others intended for use in future Generation IV nuclear power systems. The types based on the technology of existing nuclear reactors usually belong to the classification known as Generation III+ reactors. Design descriptions of many, but not all, proposed SMRs have been compiled by IAEA.