KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Abbreviations vii

Acknowledgments viii

Executive Summary ix

1. Demand Response And Its Role in the Energy Transition xii
 The Need for Demand Response 1
 Defining Demand Response 2
 Demand-Response Applications 3
 Demand Response as a Climate Asset 4

2. Classifying Demand-Response Instruments 8
 Price-Based Demand-Response Instruments 11
 Quantity-Based Demand-Response Instruments 19

3. Increasing the Uptake of Demand Response: Enablers and Barriers Enablers 26
 Enablers 27
 Barriers and Challenges 34

4. Integrating Demand Response into Power Systems 38
 Contracting Framework: Price-Based Demand Response 39
 Contracting Framework: Demand-Side Offers for Wholesale Energy Provision 40
Contracting Framework: Demand-Side Offers for Capacity 42
 Contracting Framework: Demand-Side Offers for Ancillary Services 45

5. Lessons Learned for Demand Response in Developing Countries 48
 Demand Response in India 49
 Demand Response in People's Republic of China 52
 Demand Response in South Africa 55
 Demand Response in Brazil 57
 Demand Response in Viet Nam 60
 Demand Response on Small Islands 62
 Demand Response in the United States: Best Practices from Advanced Frameworks 66
 Comparative Analysis of Demand-Response Programs 71
 
6. Roadmap for Implementing Demand Response in Developing Countries 74
 Summary of the Roadmap 75
 System Diagnostic 76
 Mechanism Assessment 77
 Implementation Design 82

7. Conclusion 88

Bibliography 91

Appendix A: Definitions of Key Ancillary Services 103

Appendix B: Additional Information on the Case Studies 105
 Spanish Time-of-Use Residential Tariff 105
 Demand Response in India: Additional Information on Pilot Programs 108
 Demand Response in South Africa: Additional Information on ESKOM Programs 109
 Demand Response in the United States: Additional Information 112

Appendix C: Possibilities for Load Control 114