KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Table of contents
Executive summary .............................................................................................................. 7
Chapter 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 11
The factors behind rising energy demand................................................................................ 11
Investments in renewables increase to meet demand............................................................. 12
Flexibility needs will change as a result of higher shares of renewables ................................ 13
Variability on a seasonal timescale.......................................................................................... 14
Chapter 2. Technology review........................................................................................... 18
Decarbonisation options for fossil fuel power plants................................................................ 19
Long-duration energy storage.................................................................................................. 28
Chapter 3. Seasonal variability.......................................................................................... 33
Climates can be classified by zone.......................................................................................... 33
Modelling approach.................................................................................................................. 34
Results ..................................................................................................................................... 35
Sensitivity analyses.................................................................................................................. 43
Chapter 4. Interannual variability...................................................................................... 48
Interannual variability in the example systems ........................................................................ 48
The role of thermal assets in managing interannual variability................................................ 53
Towards low-emission flexibility ............................................................................................... 55
Chapter 5. Conclusions...................................................................................................... 57
Annex ................................................................................................................................... 60
Modelling methods and assumptions....................................................................................... 60
Abbreviations and acronyms.................................................................................................... 68
Glossary ................................................................................................................................... 68