국가
전세계 주요국 에너지산업 해외시장 정보제공
| 제목 | 핀란드) 핀란드 2023 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 국가 | [핀란드] | 출처 | IEA |
| 산업구분 | [기타] [에너지효율] [기타 신재생] | 등록일 | 2023.05.08 |
핀란드가 안전하고 효율적인 탄소중립 에너지 시스템으로의 전환을 원활히 할 수 있도록 다양한 에너지 정책 권장사항을 제공한 보고서가 IEA에 게시되었습니다. 원문 제목 및 목차
제목 :
Finland 2023 원문목차 :
ENERGY INSIGHTS Foreword..............................................................................................................................3 Executive summary.........................................................................................................11 1. General energy policy.................................................................................................17 Country overview...............................................................................................................17 Energy sector overview .....................................................................................................18 Energy production, supply, and demand...........................................................................19 Key institutions and energy players ..................................................................................22 Key energy and climate targets.........................................................................................23 Key energy and climate policies........................................................................................24 Covid-19 response ............................................................................................................26 Measures to address high energy prices ..........................................................................26 Response to Russian invasion of Ukraine ........................................................................28 Energy taxation..................................................................................................................29 Fossil fuel subsidies ..........................................................................................................32 Energy poverty ..................................................................................................................32 Critical minerals and batteries...........................................................................................32 Hydrogen ...........................................................................................................................33 Gender equality in the energy sector ................................................................................34 Assessment .......................................................................................................................34 Key recommendations.......................................................................................................37 ENERGY SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION 2. Energy and climate change........................................................................................41 Overview ............................................................................................................................41 Energy-related GHG emission ..........................................................................................42 Emission drivers and carbon intensity...............................................................................43 Climate targets...................................................................................................................44 Climate policy and key mitigation measures.....................................................................45 Carbon pricing ...................................................................................................................46 Reduction of peat for energy use ......................................................................................48 Methane emissions............................................................................................................49 Carbon capture, utilisation, and storage ...........................................................................50 Climate change impacts and adaptation...........................................................................51 Assessment .......................................................................................................................52 Recommendations.............................................................................................................55 3. Energy efficiency.........................................................................................................57 Overview ............................................................................................................................57 Energy demand .................................................................................................................58 Energy efficiency and the energy crisis.............................................................................59 Energy efficiency targets ...................................................................................................59 Efficiency policy and measures.........................................................................................61 Industry ..............................................................................................................................62 Buildings ............................................................................................................................65 District heating and cooling ...............................................................................................69 Transport ...........................................................................................................................71 Assessment .......................................................................................................................75 Recommendations.............................................................................................................78 4. Renewable energy.......................................................................................................81 Overview ............................................................................................................................81 Renewable energy targets ................................................................................................82 Renewable energy policy and support measures.............................................................84 Assessment .......................................................................................................................95 Recommendations.............................................................................................................99 5. Energy research and innovation ............................................................................ 101 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 101 Key energy technology innovation actors ...................................................................... 102 Energy innovation priorities and guiding documents ..................................................... 103 Resource push ............................................................................................................... 105 Knowledge management................................................................................................ 109 Monitoring, evaluation and tracking of results................................................................ 112 Assessment .................................................................................................................... 113 Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 115 ENERGY SECURITY 6. Electricity................................................................................................................... 119 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 119 Electricity demand, generation, and trade...................................................................... 120 Electricity infrastructure .................................................................................................. 123 Electricity market and prices .......................................................................................... 128 Electricity Policy.............................................................................................................. 134 Electricity emergency response ..................................................................................... 140 Assessment .................................................................................................................... 141 Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 144 7. Nuclear....................................................................................................................... 147 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 147 Nuclear energy policy and regulation............................................................................. 148 Nuclear power plants...................................................................................................... 149 Uranium mining and enrichment .................................................................................... 150 Nuclear research and innovation.................................................................................... 151 Research reactor decommissioning ............................................................................... 152 Nuclear waste management........................................................................................... 152 Assessment .................................................................................................................... 153 Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 156 8. Natural gas ................................................................................................................ 159 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 159 Gas demand and supply ................................................................................................ 160 Gas infrastructure........................................................................................................... 162 Gas market and prices ................................................................................................... 165 Gas policy....................................................................................................................... 166 Gas emergency response .............................................................................................. 168 Assessment .................................................................................................................... 168 Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 170 9. Oil ............................................................................................................................... 171 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 171 Oil supply and demand................................................................................................... 172 Oil policy ......................................................................................................................... 174 Oil market and prices...................................................................................................... 176 Oil infrastructure ............................................................................................................. 177 Oil emergency policy and stockholding.......................................................................... 178 Assessment .................................................................................................................... 179 Recommendations.......................................................................................................... 180
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| 원문 링크 | https://www.iea.org/reports/finland-2023 | ||
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