KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Disclaimer ....................................................................................................................................... ii 

Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... vi 

1 Electric Vehicle Charging Introduction .................................................................................. 1 
 1.1 Overview of Charging Levels ......................................................................................... 1 
  1.1.1 AC Level 1 Charging .............................................................................................. 1 
  1.1.2 AC Level 2 Charging .............................................................................................. 1 
  1.1.3 DC Level 1 Charging .............................................................................................. 1 
  1.1.4 DC Level 2 Charging .............................................................................................. 1 
 1.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of DC Level 2 Charging ............................................... 2 
  1.2.1 Advantages of DC Level 2 Charging ...................................................................... 2 
  1.2.2 Disadvantages of DC Level 2 Charging ................................................................. 2 
 1.3 Focus on DC Level 2 Charging Performance Testing .................................................... 3 
 1.4 Electric Vehicle Battery Technologies ........................................................................... 3 
  1.4.1 Chemistry ................................................................................................................ 3 
  1.4.2 400-Volt Topology.................................................................................................. 4 
  1.4.3 800-Volt Topology.................................................................................................. 4 
  1.4.4 Boost Converter ...................................................................................................... 4 

2 DC Charging Technologies and Infrastructure ....................................................................... 6 
 2.1 Interface to Grid/Utility .................................................................................................. 6 
 2.2 DC Charging Station Architecture .................................................................................. 6 
 2.3 Connectors, Cables & Protocols ..................................................................................... 7 
  2.3.1 Combined Charging System (CCS) ........................................................................ 7 
  2.3.2 CHAdeMO .............................................................................................................. 7 
  2.3.3 GB/T charging connector ........................................................................................ 8 
  2.3.4 ChaoJi ..................................................................................................................... 8 
  2.3.5 North American Charging Standard (NACS) ......................................................... 8 
  2.3.6 Megawatt Charging System .................................................................................... 8 
 2.4 Conductive vs Non-Conductive Charging ...................................................................... 8 

3 NextGen Profiles Project Introduction .................................................................................. 10 
 3.1 Background, Motivation & Importance ........................................................................ 10
 3.2 Project Team & Industry Relations ............................................................................... 10 
 3.3 Research Objectives, Scope & Limitations .................................................................. 10 
 3.4 Project Outputs & Data Sharing ................................................................................... 12 
 3.5 Procedures Development & Industry Feedback ........................................................... 13 

4 Project Pillars ........................................................................................................................ 14 
 4.1 Electric Vehicle Profile Capture ................................................................................... 14 
 4.2 EVSE Characterization ................................................................................................. 15 
  4.2.1 Power Transfer Characterization at Nominal Conditions ..................................... 15 
  4.2.2 Power Transfer Characterization at Off-Nominal Conditions .............................. 16 
  4.2.3 EVSE Grid Disturbance ........................................................................................ 16 
  4.2.4 Thermal Control System Testing .......................................................................... 17 
  4.2.5 WPT misalignment tests ....................................................................................... 17 
 4.3 Fleet Utilization Analysis ............................................................................................. 18 

5 Project High-Level Takeaways & Results ............................................................................ 20 

6 Project Failures & Deficiencies ............................................................................................ 22 

7 Project Future Research & Planning ..................................................................................... 23 

8 References ............................................................................................................................. 24