KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................... 2 

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................... 5 

LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................ 8 

LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................. 11 

ANNEX A: METHODOLOGY .............................................................. 12

1. Overview of the study conceptualisation and approach ..................... 12 

2. Scope and definitions ............................................................................ 13 
 2.1. Energy security 13 
 2.2. Clean energy technologies 14 
 2.3. R&I opportunities and interventions 14 

3. Assumptions and limitations of the methodology ............................... 14 
 3.1. Assumptions 14 
 3.2. Limitations 15 

4. Methodology for scenario development ............................................... 15 
 4.1. PESTLE trends analysis 15 
 4.2. Scenario development 17 

5. Description of the GEM-E3 model and its use in the study ................. 21 

6. Methodology for the energy security assessment of clean energy value chains ........ 24 
 6.1. Value chain selection 25 
 6.2. Energy security indicators 26 
 6.3. Energy security assessment of value chains 28 
 6.4. Longlist of energy security criticalities 32 
 6.5. Shortlist of key energy security criticalities 33 

7. Methodology for the development of the R&I action plan ................... 35 
 7.1. Landscape review and mapping of existing and relevant EU and national R&I programmes 35 
 7.2. Methodology to develop the R&I action plan 36 

8. Methodology for the validation workshop ............................................ 42
 8.1. Stakeholder mapping strategy 42 
 8.2. Pre-workshop activity 42 
 8.3. Workshop structure 43 
 8.4. Activity 1: validation of the shortlist of key energy security criticalities 44 
 8.5. Activity 2: validation of R&I interventions 45 

ANNEX B: PESTLE ANALYSIS ......................................................... 47 

ANNEX C: FACTSHEETS ................................................................... 75 

9. Introduction ............................................................................................ 75 
 9.1. Advanced biofuels 75 
 9.2. Bioenergy 84 
 9.3. Concentrated solar energy 89 
 9.4. Geothermal energy 92 
 9.5. Hydropower 97 
 9.6. Ocean energy 100 
 9.7. Wave energy technologies 104 
 9.8. Photovoltaics 114 
 9.9. Wind energy 130 
 9.10. Direct solar fuels 149 
 9.11. Carbon capture and storage 155 
 9.12. Electricity and heat storage: batteries 159 
 9.13. Electricity and heat storage: hydrogen 175 
 9.14. Renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBOs) 184 
 9.15. Heat pumps 186 
 9.16. Smart energy grids 194 
 9.17. Energy building and district technologies 205 
 9.18. Off-grid energy systems 216 
 9.19. Energy Transmission and Distribution Technologies 222 
 9.20. Smart cities 231 
 9.21. Electricity and heat storage: other 236 

ANNEX D: HEATMAP AND CRITICALITIES ..................................... 243 

ANNEX E: SUMMARY OF THE VALIDATION WORKSHOP ............. 261 

10. Workshop approach and participants ......................................... 261 

11. Study methodology ....................................................................... 261 

12. Validation of the energy security assessment of clean energy value chains...... 262 
 12.1. Pre-workshop exercise 262
 12.2. Activity 1: energy security criticalities, risk and EU preparedness 262

13. Validation and development of the R&I action plan .................... 277 
 13.1. Pre-workshop exercise 277
 13.2. Activity 2a: feasibility and impact of proposed R&I actions 277
 13.3. Activity 2b: futureproofing R&I actions 281

ANNEX F: R&I ACTIONS NOT INCLUDED IN SHORTLIST .............. 286 

14. Shortlisting R&I challenges for the action plan .......................... 286 
 14.1. R&I challenges already addressed in EU programmes 286
 14.2. R&I challenges where policy or regulation may have more impact 288
 14.3. R&I challenges with no existing or known solution 288
 14.4. R&I challenges best addressed with alternative interventions 289