KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Executive Summary iv

1.  Introduction 1
 1.1.  Determinants of Emissions Reductions and Health Benefits from Offshore Wind Investments 4
 1.2.  Determinants of Cost 6

2.  Methods and Inputs  7

3.  Results 9
 3.1.  Generation 10
  3.1.1.  Disproportionate Prevention of Emitting Generation 10
  3.1.2.  The Effect of Binding State Clean Energy Requirements 13
  3.1.3.  Effects in States without Binding Clean Energy Requirements 14
  3.1.4.  Effect on Energy Storage 14
 3.2.  Greenhouse Gas Emissions  15
  3.2.1.  Estimated Premature Deaths Prevented by Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction 15
  3.2.2.  Estimated Value of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction 16
 3.3.  Air Quality Benefits 16
  3.3.1.  Air Quality Changes 17
  3.3.2.  Mortality and Illness Reduction 19
  3.3.3.  Demographics of People Whose Lives Are Saved 19
 3.4.  Capacity 20
 3.5.  Non-environmental Costs 21
  3.5.1.  Electricity Costs 22
  3.5.2.  Natural Gas Prices  22
  3.5.3.  Combined Effect on Electricity and Natural Gas Bills 23
 3.6.  Total Net Benefits 23
 3.7.  Benefits and Costs Not Estimated 24

4.  Conclusions 26

5.  References 27

6.  Appendices 32
 Appendix A: Additional Maps of Generation Changes 32
 Appendix B: Results by System Operator Territory 34
 Appendix C: Generation Mix and Capacity Mix  38
 Appendix D: Results Without the 2024 Power Plant Greenhouse Gas Emissions Regulations and 2023 Good Neighbor Plan for Power Plant NOX Emissions 39
 Appendix E: Projected Cost of Offshore Wind Projects 40
 Appendix F: Comparison with GridLab Study 43
 Appendix G: More about Models and Inputs Used 43
  G.1. The Engineering, Economic, and Environmental Electricity Simulation Tool (E4ST) 43
  G.2. Model of Formation, Transport, and Fate of Airborne Particulate Pollution 44
  G.3. Valuation of Effects on Ground-Level Ozone Pollution 45
 Appendix H: Policy Assumptions 45
 Appendix I: Technology Assumptions 49
 Appendix J: Methods of Quantifying and Valuing Damage Caused by Greenhouse Gas Emissions 51