KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Executive summary .................................................................................................................. 7 

Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 9 
 The need for a responsible and sustainable supply of critical minerals ................................. 9 
 The potential for traceability systems to support key policy objectives ................................ 10 
 Key conditions for traceability systems ................................................................................. 12 
 About this report .................................................................................................................... 14 

Chapter 2. What is traceability? ............................................................................................ 15 
 Defining traceability ............................................................................................................... 15 
 The relationship between traceability and other concepts ................................................... 17 

Chapter 3. Policies, regulations and market requirements on traceability ..................... 26 
 Measures encouraging traceability on the rise ..................................................................... 26 
 Recycled content regulations and traceability ...................................................................... 33 
 Regulatory and enforcement limitations ............................................................................... 34 

Chapter 4. Components of an effective mineral traceability system: A toolkit ............... 36 
 Technical infrastructure ......................................................................................................... 37 
 Standardised data collection ................................................................................................. 43 
 Supply chain collaboration .................................................................................................... 47  
 Governance and verification ................................................................................................. 50 

Chapter 5. Considerations for energy transition minerals ................................................ 52 
 Copper ................................................................................................................................... 53 
 Lithium ................................................................................................................................... 55  
 Nickel ..................................................................................................................................... 57 
 Graphite................................................................................................................................. 59 
 Cobalt .................................................................................................................................... 61 
 Rare earth elements ............................................................................................................. 62 
 Lessons learned from traceability initiatives ......................................................................... 63 

Chapter 6. Roadmap for increasing mineral traceability ................................................... 70 
 Step 1: Determine the policy objectives and understand the supply chain context ............. 70 
 Step 2: Choose which products to focus on ......................................................................... 71 
 Step 3: Determine which information should be collected and shared ................................ 71 
 Step 4: Choose which operators to focus on ........................................................................ 72 
 Step 5: Promote the development and use of interoperability protocols .............................. 72 
 Step 6: Establish trust mechanisms ...................................................................................... 73 
 Step 7: Create incentives for increasing traceability ............................................................ 74 
 Step 8: Engage with stakeholders in foreign jurisdictions .................................................... 75