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Executive Summary iii

NREL Geothermal Research Program Overview and Development Highlights iv

Acronyms viii

Section 1: Research, Development, Demonstration, and Deployment 2
 Technologies and Resources Research Pillar 3
  Reducing Data Center Peak Cooling Demand and Energy Costs With Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES) 3
  Closed-Loop Geothermal Working Group Evaluates Comprehensive Techno-Economic Modeling for Energy Savings 4
  Value of Information for Geothermal Exploration 5
  Geothermal Well Performance Evaluation and Alternative Designs 6
  NREL Geothermal Showcase: Monitoring, Analysis, and Education Around Geothermal Heating and Cooling 7
  Geologic Hydrogen Production by Stimulating Iron-Rich Rocks 7
  Superhot EGS Model Updates, Testing, and Open Source Publication 8
  The CHANGE: The Cooling and Heating Transition Acceleration via Network Geothermal Energy 9
  Optimizing Retail and Grocery Store Heating and Cooling with TEN GHPs 10
  Newberry Superhot EGS Demonstration Project 11
  Wells of Opportunity 12
  EGS Ground Truthing at Cornell: Techno-Economic Analysis, Modeling, and Scalability 14
  Geothermal Resource Potential of Alaska: Improved Estimates Through Local Collaboration, Updated Datasets, and Modeling 15
 Market Acceleration Pillar 16
  Upcoming Analyses 16
  GeoBridge, a New Launch Point for Geothermal Information 17
  Geothermal Energy Atlas Replaces Geothermal Prospector Tool 18
  State-Level Collaboration on Geothermal Energy Helps Understand Stakeholder Concerns and Barriers to Development 18
  Geothermal Data Repository Adopts AI Research Assistant “AskGDR” 19
  “What Is at the Bottom of a Geothermal Well?” Storymap Takes Viewers Underground 20
  Subject Matter Experts and Oil and Gas Stakeholders Collaborate Through GEODE 21
  Retrieving Local Groundwater Permitting Guidelines using AI 22
  Feasibility Study Shows Geothermal District Energy Systems Could Meet Demand in Romania 23
  FedGeo Partnership Brings Geothermal Heating and Cooling to Federal Sites 24
  Case Study Yearbook Highlights the Versatility of Geothermal Heating andCooling Technologies 25
 Grid Integration Pillar 25
  Geothermal Analysis Portfolio Sees Major Upgrades to Increase Geothermal Representation in Modeling Tools 26
  Geothermal Analysis Portfolio Summary 27
  Model Upgrades 28
  EXERGETIC: Assessing the Value of Geothermal Grid Integration 32
  FLXenabler Demonstrates Electricity Savings of UTES with Geothermal Heat Exchangers and District Systems 33
  Underground Thermal Energy Storage Can Provide Seasonal Storage and Grid Cost Savings 34
  Engaging With Utilities Creates Better Understanding of Geothermal Value, Opportunities, and Representation 35

Section 2: Laboratory Investment in Geothermal Research Capabilities 36
 Two-year Core LDRD Project on Geologic H2 Production Adds Key Capabilities in Subsurface Research 36
 ATTEN: Preparation Continues for Thermal Test Network To De-Risk Advanced Thermal Energy Systems 37

Section 3: Strategic Partnerships 38
 U.S. Department of the Interior: Bureau of Land Management 38
 GA Drilling Collaboration in Houston, Texas, and Bratislava, Slovakia 38
 TDA Research 38
 Technical Analysis of Thermal Microgrids at DoD Installations 38
 Oil and Gas Collaboration on Geothermal Energy Storage 40

Section 4: Industry Leadership 41
 Introducing Geothermal Industry Partners and GTO to ARIES: Flatirons Campus Tour 41 
 Geothermal Researchers Awarded for Operations-Optimizing Software 42
 Ribbon Cutting for 1,500 Homes Heated and Cooled by Geothermal 42
 NREL-Hosted Workshops 43
 Conferences and Events 44
 Geothermal Rising’s Thermal Energy Networks Symposium 47
 VIP Visitors 47
 NREL Geothermal Program Hosts Lab-Wide Educational Event on Geothermal Resources and Technologies 47
 
Publications Highlights 48
 New Modeling Shows Borehole Thermal Energy Storage Can Provide Reliable Heating In Extreme Cold Climates 48
 Fact Sheet Highlights Novel High-Temperature Generator/Motor Design 48
 Full List of FY25 NREL Publications 49