KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 8 

Demand .................................................................................................................................... 13 
 The Age of Electricity has arrived, underpinned by strong demand growth ........... 13 
 Demand in advanced economies rebounds after a long period of stagnation ................. 13 
 Electricity consumption set to rise strongly across all sectors .......................................... 15 
 Electricity demand breaks with history, outpacing global GDP growth............................. 16 
 US and EU electricity demand forecast to post robust growth ......................................... 18 
 Per capita electricity consumption will reach new record highs ........................................ 19 
 China’s electricity demand on a solid growth path ............................................................ 21 
 Peak load and demand rise across India .......................................................................... 27 

Supply ...................................................................................................................................... 36 
 Renewables and nuclear keep growing and setting records ..................................... 36 
 Share of renewables and nuclear in global generation to reach 50% by 2030 ................ 36 
 Growth in renewables, natural gas and nuclear to meet additional demand .................... 37 
 Uncharacteristic trends in coal-fired generation during 2025 ........................................... 39 
 Strong solar PV growth remains a common trend across the regions ............................. 41 

Grids ........................................................................................................................................ 46 
 Grids are emerging as a bottleneck for connecting supply, demand and storage . 46 
 Grid technologies and regulatory reforms unlock grid capacity........................................ 46 
 Record-high connection queues and rising curtailment  as grids become congested...... 49 
 More efficient use of grids via targeted regulatory and policy frameworks ....................... 51 
 Grid-enhancing technology unlocks capacity .................................................................... 64 
 Synchronisation of Baltic electricity system marked a major milestone ........................... 69 

Flexibility ................................................................................................................................. 72 
 Evolving generation and demand patterns reshape power system needs .............. 72 
 Demand response offers breakthrough benefits, yet potential is untapped ..................... 72 
 Solar PV capture rates decline, but storage can boost system value .............................. 81 
 Utility-scale batteries are strengthening system flexibility ................................................. 84 
 Managing high solar and wind output during low demand ................................................ 97 

Emissions .............................................................................................................................. 105 
 Electricity sector emissions are increasingly decoupling from demand growth .. 105 
 CO2 emissions from electricity generation are forecast to plateau through 2030.......... 105 
 Global CO2 intensity decline accelerates as low-carbon energy expands ..................... 106

Prices ..................................................................................................................................... 109 
 Affordability and competitiveness take centre stage ................................................ 109 
 Wholesale electricity prices continue to differ across regions......................................... 109 
 Negative wholesale pricing trends diverged across markets in 2025 ............................. 112 
 Price gaps for energy-intensive industries persist .......................................................... 113 
 Residential electricity prices remain elevated ................................................................. 117 

Reliability ............................................................................................................................... 123 
 Largescale outages amid system instability and weather impacts ......................... 123 
 Voltage management increasingly important for power system stability ........................ 123 
 Major power supply disruptions triggered by equipment failures .................................... 124 
 Extreme weather events continued to cause major power outages ............................... 125 

Regional Focus ..................................................................................................................... 128 
 Asia Pacific ........................................................................................................................ 129 
  Electricity demand to increase strongly after mild weather tempered growth ................ 129 
 Americas ............................................................................................................................ 153 
  Solar PV and natural gas-fired generation see strong growth through 2030 ................. 153 
 Europe ................................................................................................................................ 168 
  Power demand is increasingly met by renewables while coal use falls rapidly .............. 168 
 Eurasia ............................................................................................................................... 192 
  Russian electricity demand contracted, while regional growth stable in 2025 ............... 192 
 Middle East ........................................................................................................................ 195 
  Gas-fired generation rises rapidly while renewables post sharp gains........................... 195 
 Africa .................................................................................................................................. 204 
  Growth supported by targeted efforts to expand electricity access ................................ 204 

Annexes ................................................................................................................................. 216 
 Summary tables ............................................................................................................... 216 
 Regional and country groupings ..................................................................................... 221 
 Abbreviations and acronyms ........................................................................................... 223 
 Units of measure ............................................................................................................. 223