KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

List of abbreviations .......................................................................................................... 9 

Executive summary ........................................................................................................... 11 

1 Central Report – FIRM POWER GENERATION .................................................... 13 
 1.1 Firm Power Generation .............................................................................. 13 
 1.2 Takeaways from the 2023 Report .............................................................. 14 
 1.3 Experts’ contributions ................................................................................. 15 

2 Technical Report – STUDIES FOCUSING ON FIRM POWER GENERATION FOR NATIONAL REGIONAL OR DEFINED LOADS ... 21 
 2.1 Firm photovoltaic power generation: Overview and economic outlook ........ 21 
 2.2 Firm wind & solar power generation in Nova Scotia with fully electrified transportation & building sectors ..... 22 
 2.3 Flexible photovoltaic systems for renewable energy integration in Lazio region, Italy ... 24 
 2.4 Flexible photovoltaic generation strategy for Rome Technopole ................. 26 
 2.5 Infinity, a Small-scale Prototype for Firm-PV Generation ............................ 27 
 2.6 Firm PV Power Generation for Switzerland: 2023 Updates and Strategic Implications....... 29 
 2.7 Firming 100% renewable power: Costs and opportunities in Australia's National Electricity Market .... 32 
 2.8 Localized, cost-effective, 100% renewable firm power generation. ............. 33 
 2.9 Implications of Future Price Trends and Interannual Resource Uncertainty on Firm Solar Power Delivery with Photovoltaic Overbuilding and Battery Storage... 35 
 2.10 Firm Photovoltaic Generation through Battery Storage, Overbuilding, and Proactive Curtailment ..... 37 
 2.11 Hydrogen production using curtailed electricity of firm photovoltaic plants: Conception, modeling, and optimization ..... 38 
 2.12 Optimized hydrogen production with proactively curtailed electricity from firm renewable systems .... 40 
 2.13 Firm power generation with photovoltaic overbuilding and pumped hydro storage .... 41 
 2.14 Firm Power in the Iberian Peninsula ........................................................... 43 
 2.15 Electricity Mix and Market Dynamics in 2035 CO2-free Electricity System .... 45
 2.16 Firm wind and solar photovoltaic power with proactive curtailment: A European analysis ..... 48 

3 STUDIES ADDRESSING OTHER ASPECTS OF FIRM POWER ─ MARKET TRANSITION, FIRM FORECASTS, DISTRIBUTED GENERATION AND FUNDAMENTALS .... 50 
 3.1 The use of PV forecasting to reduce the cost of firm/baseload PV generation and restore certainty of supply ..... 50 
 3.2 Ancillary Services via Flexible Photovoltaic/Wind Systems and “Implicit” Storage to Balance Demand and Supply ........ 52 
 3.3 Ground-breaking approach to enabling fully solar Renewable Energy Communities ..... 53 
 3.4 Fully Solar Residential Energy Community: A Study on the Feasibility in the Italian Context ..... 54 
 3.5 A pathway for firm and dispatchable solar/wind supply through generation and markets splitting. ... 57 
 3.6 Mitigating Grid Impact of Distributed Solar Generation through a VPP Based firm PV Strategy .... 58 
 3.7 Maximizing DPV Hosting Capacity with Regional Firm VRE Power ............ 60 
 3.8 On the Complementary Variability of Solar and Wind Resources ............... 61 
 3.9 Effectively dispatchable solar power with hierarchical reconciliation and firm forecasting ... 63 
 3.10 Firm solar power forecast through battery storage and PV overbuilding with solar power curve modeling .... 65 
 3.11 The Perfect Forecast Metric (PFM) ............................................................ 66 
 3.12 Dark Doldrums – estimating the probabilities of successive days of low variable renewable energy (VRE) .... 68 

4 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................... 71 

5 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................... 72