KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Executive summary .................................................................................................................. 7 

Chapter 1. Buildings-to-grid ecosystem for the clean energy transition ......................... 17 
 Status of energy efficiency and electrification in buildings ................................................... 17 
 Background to this report ...................................................................................................... 24 

Chapter 2. Enablers for efficient grid-interactive buildings .............................................. 26 
 Energy efficiency ................................................................................................................... 28 
 Decarbonisation .................................................................................................................... 31 
 Smartness ............................................................................................................................. 33 
 Materials ................................................................................................................................ 35 
 Resilience .............................................................................................................................. 37 
 Building-to-grid interactivity ................................................................................................... 39 

Chapter 3. Assessment of opportunities for efficient grid-interactive buildings in India . 46 
 Building energy codes provide a strong policy framework, but coverage is limited ......................... 47 
 Sub-national implementation of building energy codes remains uneven ......................................... 49 
 Lack of mandatory policies slows retrofit momentum in India ......................................................... 50 
 Appliance efficiency has led to major gains, with further opportunities to strengthen regulations for air conditioners .... 51 
 Voluntary green building certifications are growing in the commercial sector ................................ 53 
 Rising adoption of residential rooftop solar presents an opportunity for decarbonisation in the building sector ..... 54 
 Limited deployment of energy storage weakens grid reliability during peak demand ..................... 56 
 IoT is gaining ground in corporations, though policy gaps hinder wider deployment ...................... 57 
 Building energy management and automation systems are mostly used in high-end commercial buildings .... 58 
 Ambitious smart meter deployment targets are in place, but adoption is still limited .................... 59 
 Early pilot projects mark the start of smart grid expansion .............................................................. 61 
 Consideration of embodied carbon is still at a nascent stage in both policy and practice ............... 62 
 Early progress on low-carbon materials is emerging at the sub-national level ................................. 63 
 The policy landscape for climate resilience in buildings remains fragmented .................................. 64 
 Lack of interoperability standards is a major challenge for grid-interactivity ................................... 64 
 Guidelines are supporting the rollout of advanced metering infrastructure .................................... 66 
 DER aggregation is gaining regulatory momentum ........................................................................... 67 
 Automated demand response is developing through pilots ............................................................. 68 
 Time-of-Day tariffs gain ground, but dynamic pricing holds the key to demand flexibility .............. 70 
 Pilots signal growing interest in vehicle-to-grid technology.............................................................. 71 
 A policy framework for smart inverters is emerging ......................................................................... 73 

Chapter 4. The way forward .................................................................................................. 75 
 Recommendations to support the uptake of efficient grid-interactive buildings ................... 75 
 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 100 

Abbreviations and acronyms .............................................................................................. 102