KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Contents 4

Executive summary 6

Chapter 1: Global CMM emissions remain steady despite rising coal production 11
 1.1 Global coal production has increased while emissions have remained steady since the Global Methane Pledge 13
 1.2 Independent estimates reveal uncertainty in the scale of CMM emissions 16
 1.3 Reported methane emissions per tonne of coal are declining 19
 1.4 Country Insights for 2024 21

Chapter 2: Direct, continuous measurement is needed to increase confidence in reported emissions 32
 2.1 The majority (89%) of methane emissions left unreported in 2023 32
 2.2 Most countries report emissions using generic estimates rather than direct measurements 33
 2.3 Ember’s confidence in national inventories varies widely 35

Chapter 3: Ember Research Spotlight: satellite observations reveal coal super emitters, but monitoring gaps persist 37
 3.1 Satellite monitoring of coal mine methane emissions is increasing 38
 3.2 Over 70% of hard coal production is in areas with favourable conditions for satellite monitoring 39

Chapter 4: Cutting CMM this decade is urgent and feasible 42
 4.1 Reducing CMM could contribute to preventing over 180,000 deaths annually 42
 4.2 Proven technologies can slash coal mine methane by 54-63% 43
 4.3 Cutting coal mine methane in half would cost just 16% of annual industry profits 44

Chapter 5: Recommendations 46
 5.1 Improve understanding of CMM emissions by updating monitoring, verification and reporting methods 46
 5.2 Quick win: example policies for governments to kick-start emissions reductions 48
 5.3 Industry requires mine-level MRV and abatement 51

Supporting materials 52
 Glossary 52
 Methodology 54
 Supplementary Materials 57
 Acknowledgements 58