KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

화석 연료를 활용하는 과정에서 배출되는 메탄의 양을 줄이기 위한 각종 정책 및 규제 등의 효과를 분석·예측한 내용을 담은 보고서가 IEA에 발간되었습니다.

제목:  Curtailing Methane Emissions from Fossil Fuel Operations

  

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Executive summary.................................................................................................................. 7

1. Introduction......................................................................................................................... 10

Methane emissions from fossil fuel operations should be the first priority............................... 11

A concerted effort is essential: Cutting fossil fuel use will not deliver methane abatement fast

enough ..................................................................................................................................... 12

Momentum to tackle methane emissions is building, from countries as well as companies ... 13

The world is not yet on track to deliver deep cuts in methane emissions from fossil fuel

operations................................................................................................................................. 16

Countries that have already made strong commitments need to act quickly on domestic

emissions….............................................................................................................................. 17

…and they need to encourage others to join the effort............................................................ 18

Methodology and approach...................................................................................................... 20

2. Domestic policies to mitigate oil and gas methane ...................................................... 23

Policy action aimed at domestic oil and gas can deliver quick methane reductions ............... 23

Policies with well-established precedents can mitigate half of domestic emissions................ 24

Other types of regulations and more robust measurement systems will still be needed to

maximise abatement ................................................................................................................ 27

Additional measures can deliver a further 20% reduction to committed countries’ domestic

emissions ................................................................................................................................. 30

3. International supply chains for oil and gas..................................................................... 32

A broader coalition is needed to bring down methane emissions............................................ 32

Major importers can leverage their buying power to encourage additional reductions upstream

................................................................................................................................................. 33

Policy instruments could provide incentives for better measurement and drive reductions .... 34

International co-operation is needed to improve regulatory capacity and to mitigate

distributional impacts................................................................................................................ 37

A mix of incentives, diplomatic encouragement and institutional support could lead to major

reductions................................................................................................................................. 38

Company action can deliver reductions in countries that have not yet committed to action on

methane ................................................................................................................................... 39

Increasing transparency can put pressure on countries and companies to address remaining

emissions ................................................................................................................................. 41

4. Coal...................................................................................................................................... 46

Tackling methane is more challenging in the coal sector than in oil and gas operations, but it

is still a major opportunity for climate action ............................................................................ 46

A drastic fall in coal consumption is the main driver of coal-related methane reductions in the

Net Zero Emissions Scenario................................................................................................... 48

From a climate perspective, it matters which coal operations carry on and which are retired 49

Policies and measures can lower methane leaks from coal operations by around 45%......... 50

Pathways to a 75% cut by 2030

Mine closure policies can ensure abandoned mines do not keep leaking methane and support

just transitions .......................................................................................................................... 51

Annex....................................................................................................................................... 53

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