KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Executive summary ................................................................................................................ 10 

1. Trends in electric car markets .......................................................................................... 15 
 Electric car sales ...................................................................................................................... 15 
 Government spending on electric cars .................................................................................... 27 

2. Trends in the electric car industry ................................................................................... 31 
 Manufacturing and trade .......................................................................................................... 31 
 Model availability ...................................................................................................................... 39 
 Electric vehicle range ............................................................................................................... 44 
 Electric car affordability ............................................................................................................ 47 

3. Trends in other light-duty electric vehicles ..................................................................... 57 
 Electric two- and three-wheelers .............................................................................................. 57 
 Electric light commercial vehicles ............................................................................................ 61 

4. Trends in heavy-duty electric vehicles ............................................................................ 65 
 Electric bus and truck sales ..................................................................................................... 65 
 Electric heavy-duty models ...................................................................................................... 70 
 Truck total cost of ownership ................................................................................................... 72 

5. Outlook for electric mobility ............................................................................................. 82 
 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 82 
 Vehicle outlook by mode .......................................................................................................... 83 
 Vehicle outlook by region ......................................................................................................... 87 
 Automakers’ electrification announcements ............................................................................ 96 

6. Electric vehicle charging ................................................................................................... 99 
 Charging electric light-duty vehicles ........................................................................................ 99 
 Light-duty vehicle charging outlook ........................................................................................ 112 
 Charging electric heavy-duty vehicles ................................................................................... 116 
 Heavy-duty vehicle charging outlook ..................................................................................... 119 
 Smart charging and vehicle-grid integration .......................................................................... 120 
 Innovative charging solutions ................................................................................................. 127 

7. Electric vehicle batteries ................................................................................................. 134 
 Trends in battery demand ...................................................................................................... 134 
 Outlook for battery demand .................................................................................................... 135 
 Battery industry trends ........................................................................................................... 136 
 Battery production and trade .................................................................................................. 146

8. Outlook for energy demand ............................................................................................ 152 
 Electricity demand .................................................................................................................. 152 
 Oil displacement ..................................................................................................................... 153 
 
Annex ..................................................................................................................................... 157 
 Annex A: Total cost of ownership........................................................................................... 157 
 Annex B: United States regional groupings ........................................................................... 166 
 Annex C: Regional and country groupings ............................................................................ 166 
 Annex D: Glossary ................................................................................................................. 168