KETEP 세계에너지시장정보

Figures, tables and boxes 5

Acronyms 6

Definitions  7

1 Introduction: The SIDS energy imperative 11
 1. 1 The challenges and opportunities for SIDS 11
 1. 2 Objective and structure of the report 13

2 IRENA studies for island grid decarbonisation and modernisation: approach and scope  14
 2. 1 Adequacy assessment 16
 2. 2 Grid assessment 18
 2. 3 IRENA survey of stakeholders  23

3 Insights from IRENA grid studies 25
 3. 1 IRENA grid assessment studies 26
 3. 2 Challenges identified by IRENA studies 27
 3. 3 Recommendations from IRENA studies 28

4 Obstacles to and drivers of renewable integration and grid modernisation in SIDS 29
 4. 1 Regulatory barriers  30
 4. 2 The stability challenge in island grids 30
 4. 3 Operational complexities  31
 4. 4 Market structure limitations and managing stakeholder interests in SIDS 31
 4. 5 Impact of extreme weather events 31

5 Technology and infrastructure toolkit for SIDS grid resilience 33
 5. 1 Targeted infrastructure upgrades  33
 5. 2 Power-to-X in SIDS: overview and opportunities 43
 5. 3 Unlocking island flexibility 45
 5. 4 Emerging stability markets: overview and opportunities 48
 5. 5 Grid-forming inverters enabling ancillary service participation in SIDS 49
 
6 Achieving grid stability with high renewable integration: Lessons and best practices 51
 6. 1 Regulatory frameworks and role of regulators 51
 6. 2 Smart operational measures for grid stability 61
 6. 3 Maximising DER value in SIDS: the role of markets 63

7 Unlocking SIDS grid resilience: enabling frameworks and investment strategies 65
 7. 1 Policy, institutional and legal foundations 65
 7. 2 Incentives for hybrid renewable energy configurations in SIDS 66
 7. 3 Reshaping SIDS tariffs for grid modernisation 67
 7. 4 Planning and capacity building to address grid modernisation in SIDS 69
 7. 5 Improving grid access and connection processes 72
 7. 6 Balancing equity and efficiency in SIDS subsidy reform 74
 7. 7 Financing grid modernisation in SIDS 74
 7. 8 Strategic partnerships for island-wide consumer led flexibility programmes 76

8 References 78